摘  要：介紹了用重力加速度傳感器進行井斜實時測量的方法，闡述了重力加速度傳感器的工作原理及其測量井斜的算法，從理論角度分析了實鉆中嚴重干擾井斜信號的因素——噪聲、鉆具的振動和隨機轉動，其中噪聲和振動信號可采用低通濾波器濾除，而轉動使加速度計因離心力產生的測量信號失真，則可通過諸如轉速補償之類的修正去除。經專門的實驗裝置驗證此井斜測量方法和信號處理方法可進行較高精度的井斜實時測量，為高精度的井斜控制奠定了基礎。   關鍵詞：自動垂直鉆井；井斜；實時測量；低通濾波器；重力加速度傳感器   中圖分類號：TD174   文獻標識碼：A  文章編號：1672-4984（2007）04-0005-04   Study on real-time well inclination measurement LIU Bai-yan， WANG Xin-yu， DU Yong-gang， ZHENG Deng-ke （College of Machinery and Automation，Wuhan University of Science and Technology，Wuhan 430081，China）   Abstract: This article introduced the approach to measure the inclination with accelerometer sensors dynamically during drilling including the operation principle of accelerometer sensors and the arithmetic to measure the inclination. The factors to distort the inclination measurement data seriously were analyzed theoretically, such as noises, the vibration and random rotation of drilling tools. Generally speaking, the noises and vibrations can be eliminated from the inclination measures by using low-pass filter, but the centrifugal force caused by drilling tool rotation, which will distort the accelerometer outputs, can be revised owing to the rotation speed compensation. The approach to measure the inclination and process corresponding information introduced in the paper are verified to be of high precision by professional experiment facilities and lay a foundation for controlling inclination during drilling with high precision.   Key words: Automatic vertical drilling; Well inclination; Real-time measurements; Low-pass filter; Gravity accelerometer